1.3910 (FeNi36 / Invar 36) is a nickel-iron alloy containing approximately 36% nickel, renowned for its exceptionally low coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) — about one-tenth that of carbon steel at room temperature. This unique property, combined with good strength, ductility, and ferromagnetic behavior, makes it ideal for applications requiring precise dimensional stability across temperature variations.
1. Product Specifications & Physical DataAvailable Forms: Sheet, strip, plate, bar, rod, wire Specifications: ASTM F1684, DIN 17745, UNS K93600, Werkstoff Nr. 1.3910
| Chemical Composition (Weight %) | Value |
|---|
| Nickel (Ni) | 35.0 - 37.0 | | Iron (Fe) | Balance | | Carbon (C) | 0.05 max. | | Manganese (Mn) | 0.35 - 0.60 | | Silicon (Si) | 0.20 - 0.35 |
| Physical Properties | Value |
|---|
| Density | 8.05 - 8.11 g/cm³ | | Curie Temperature | 230 - 280°C | | Modulus of Elasticity | 135 - 145 GPa | | Electrical Resistivity | 78 - 82 µΩ·cm |
| Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (CTE) | µm/m·°C |
|---|
| 25 - 93°C (77 - 200°F) | 1.2 - 1.6 | | 25 - 149°C (77 - 300°F) | 1.8 - 2.3 | | 25 - 260°C (77 - 500°F) | 4.1 - 4.5 |
| Mechanical Properties (Annealed) | Value |
|---|
| Tensile Strength | 450 - 520 MPa | | Yield Strength | 240 - 275 MPa | | Elongation | 30 - 42% | | Hardness (Rockwell B) | 70 - 80 |
2. Operating Conditions & Selection CriteriaService Temperature Range: Optimized for continuous operation up to 190°C (374°F); CTE increases above this inflection point Low Expansion Mechanism: Magnetostrictive effects counteract normal thermal expansion below the Curie temperature (230-280°C) Magnetic Properties: Ferromagnetic at room temperature; suitable for magnetic shielding applications Fabricability: Good machinability, formability, and weldability using conventional techniques; poor heat conductivity requires careful thermal management
3. ApplicationsPrecision Instrumentation: Clock pendulums, survey leveling rods, geodetic instruments Aerospace Tooling: Composite mold layup tools for aircraft and boat parts Cryogenic Components: LNG storage tanks, piping systems, superconducting magnets Magnetic Shielding: Shields for sensitive electronic equipment, sensors, transformers Optical Systems: Laser housings, optical benches, telescope mounts
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